1992年4月23日22时18分,在与我国云南西南边境接壤的缅甸佤联邦南佤县发生MS6.7级地震,1个多小时后的23时32分在其东北方向相距约25km处的缅甸佤联邦北佤县又发生MS
6.8级地震。
这两次地震震中虽然在缅甸境内,但距离我国边境均在30km左右,因为距离近,所以靠近震中与缅甸紧邻的我国云南省孟连、西盟、沧源三县部分地区遭受不同程度的破坏和损失。经考察在我国境内的最大烈度为Ⅶ度,缅甸境内极震区烈度为Ⅸ度。地震造成部分房屋倒塌和严重破坏,但两国均无人员直接死亡。
这次地震为双主震-余震型,截止到6月30日,共发生ML≥3.0级余震171次,其中ML≥4.0的余震7次,最大余震是4月29日发生的5.2级地震。震前24小时内发生ML2.4~3.4级直接前震6次,其中最大一次是震前28分钟发生的ML3.4级地震。
震源机制解中两个主震的节面Ⅰ走向均是北北西向,P轴方向北东向,结合当地地质构造等情况,推测这两个地震均是在北东向主压应力作用下北北西向断层发生右旋走滑破裂的结果,节面Ⅰ是主破裂面。
震中附近300km范围我国境内共有地震观测台站19个,其中有11个台测震观测,15个台有其他前兆观测。这次双震之前出现的异常不多,共有5条异常,其中地震活动性异常1条,定点前兆观测异常4条,集中在两个台站的流体观测项目上。文章最后对前兆异常偏少的原因进行了分析。
Abstract
At
22∶18 on Apr. 23, 1992 (BT), an
earthquake of MS6.7 occurred in Nanwa county,
Myanmar's Wa state that borders with southwest Yunnan of
China. About 1 hour later, at 23∶32,
another earthquake of MS6.8 occurred in Beiwa
county, 25km northeast of Nanwa county.
Though
epicenters of the 2 earthquakes are in Myanmar, the
distances from epicenters to the border are only about 30km.
The two earthquakes struck three counties in Yunnan
province: Menlian, Ximeng and Cangyuan which border with
Myanmar, and resulted in some destruction and economic
losses in different degree because these counties are close
to the epicenters. The field investigation showed that the
maximum intensity of damage in China is Ⅶ
while the maximum intensity in the meizoseismal area in
Myanmar is Ⅸ. Some buildings
collapsed or were damaged heavily, but no one was killed in
both China and Myanmar.
The
earthquake sequence is of double main shock type. Up to June
30 the number of aftershocks of ML≥3.0
is 171 and 7 aftershocks with ML≥4.0
. The magnitude of maximum aftershock is MS 5.2
that occurred on April 29. Within 24 hours before the first
main shock we found 6 imminent foreshocks of magnitude 2.4
to 3.4 with the largest one of ML3.4 that
occurred 28 minutes before the main shock.
The
both nodal planes I are in NNW direction and both P axes are
in NE direction in the focal mechanism solutions of the two
main shocks. According to the data of the local geological
structure and others, it is suggested that the two
earthquakes are the result of right-lateral slip of the NNW
striking fault under the action of the principal stress of
compression in NE direction, the nodal plane I is the main
rupture plane.
Within
the distance of 300km from the epicenters there were 19
seismic stations. Among them there were 11 stations with
seismometers and 15 precursory monitoring stations. Only 5
anomalies appeared before the two earthquakes: 1 anomaly in
seismicity, 4 precursory anomalies that concentrated in
ingredient of water at 2 stations. Finally the reason with a
few precursory anomalies is analyzed in the paper.
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