1994年1月3日、2月16日在青海省海南州共和县发生6.0级、5.8级两次地震。6.0级地震的宏观震中位于塘格木农场南部约7km的河卡乡红旗村牧业点,震中烈度Ⅷ度;地震中有9人受轻伤,直接经济损失5744.86万元。5.8级地震宏观震中位于塘格木农场北东约21km处的沙珠玉乡上卡力岗村,震中烈度Ⅶ度;地震造成30余人轻伤(腿脚扭伤),直接经济损失1889.51万元。
两次地震为1990年4月26日共和7.0级地震的晚期强余震,以双震活动形式出现。6.0级地震的最大余震为ML3.1级,余震分布的优势方向为NW,震源机制解中节面Ⅱ的走向与此接近,判定NWW向的哇玉香卡-拉干隐伏断裂为发震断裂,地震以逆冲错动为主。5.8级地震的最大余震为ML3.2级,余震分布的优势方向为NNW向,震源机制解中的节面Ⅱ的走向也为NNW向,其发震断层为茶卡盐湖-更尕海-拉乙亥北西向隐伏断裂。
震中300km范围内共有17个地震台,其中10个台有测震观测(含遥测台网),13个台有其他定点前兆观测项目(17个测项)。地震前出现中、短、临异常共18项,其中地震活动性异常7项,定点前兆观测异常11项;震中200km范围内定点前兆观测异常比例达73%;短临异常突出,且大多在两次地震前有重复。
1994年2月16日5.8级地震前,青海省地震局向国家地震局填报了短临预报卡,震前两天,向省政府作了汇报,并电话通知了塘格木农场,省政府根据震情的发展通知了海南州政府。
Abstract
Two
earthquakes of MS 6.0 and MS 5.8
occurred on Jan. 3,1994 and on Feb. 16,1994 in Gonghe county of
Qinghai Province. The macroseismic epicenter of the Gonghe MS6.0
earthquake was at Hongqi village of Heka town, 7km south to the
Tanggemu farm. The intensity at the epicenter was Ⅷ.
9 people were slightly injured during the event. The direct economic
loss was 57.4486 million Yuan. The macroseismic epicenter of the
Gonghe MS5.8 earthquake was at Shangkaligang
village, 21 km northeast of the Tanggemu farm. The intensity at the
epicenter was Ⅶ. 30 people were slightly
injured (legs or feet were wrenched).
The direct economic loss was 18.8951 million Yuan.
The
2 earthquakes were the later strong aftershocks of the Gonghe MS7.0
earthquake on Apr. 26, 1990. The largest aftershock of the Gonghe MS6.0
earthquake was ML3.1.The dominant direction of
aftershock distribution was in NW direction, which was closed to
plane B of its focal mechanism. It is suggested that the buried
Wayuxiangka-laga fault in NWW direction might be the seismogenic
fault of the MS6.0 Gonghe earthquake. The slip
type of this earthquake was mainly thrust offset. The largest
aftershock of the Gonghe MS5.8 earthquake was ML3.2.
The dominant direction of aftershock distribution was in NNW
direction, which was closed to plane B of its focal mechanism. So
the buried Chakyanhu-gengahai-layihai fault in NW direction was its
seismogenic fault.
There
were 10 seismometric stations(including
telemetric stations)and 13 precursor
monitoring stations with 17 observation items within the distance of
300 km from the epicenters. There were 18 medium term, short term
and imminent anomalies. 7 of them were anomalies in seismic activity
and 11 items were precursory anomalies. The proportion of precursory
anomalies within the distance of 200 km from the epicenters was 73%.
The short term and imminent anomalies were quite obvious and most of
them repeated before the 2 earthquakes.
Before
the Gonghe MS 5.8 earthquakes on February 16,
1994, the Seismological Bureau of Qinghai Province filled in a card
of a short term and imminent forecasting and sent it to the State
Seismological Bureau. 2 days before the earthquake, the provincial
bureau reported the forecasting to the government of the province
and at the same time informed the Tanggemu farm by telephone and
sent a notice to the government of Hainan prefecture based on the
development of earthquake activity.
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